Uniphos - Ống đo khí ứng dụng: Container Fumigation Hãng sản xuất: Uniphos –Ấn Độ

Uniphos - Ống đo khí ứng dụng: Container Fumigation

Hãng sản xuất: Uniphos –Ấn Độ

Tham khảo tại: http://www.uniphos.eu/container-fumigation

-          Các container được chuyển đến nhiều nơi trên thế giới, để loại bỏ sâu bệnh của động vật không mong muốn, các vi khuẩn không có cơ hội tồn tại; các container sẽ bị khử trùng với các khí cực độc, sẽ ảnh hưởng đến hệ thống thần kinh. Khi container đến các cảng bãi, công nhân sẽ đo các khí độc này trước khi mở

-          Ngoài các khí khử trùng, sẽ có các khí ô nhiễm khác trong container:

• Khí ô nhiễm sinh ra do hàng hóa chuyển: các chất bốc hơi như sơn, rò rỉ bao bì, gỗ hoặc các hàng hóa sinh vật khác
• Phản ứng hóa học sinh ra trong quá trình vận chuyển
• Những bao bì chứa các bình chất độc bị rò rỉ trong container

-          Các khí gặp phải: Methyl Bromide, Acetaldehyde, Ammonia, Benzene, HCN, Butylacetate, Chloropicrine, 1,2 Dichloroethane, Dichloromethane, Formaldehyde, Phosphine, Carbon Dioxide, Carbon Monoxide, Pinene, Styrene, Toluene, Trichloroethylene, Vinyl Acetate, Xylene, Hydrogen Sulphide.

Loại hàng hóa	Khí cần đo	Ghi chú
Apricots	Methyl Bromide
Artificial Flowers	Phosphine
	Formaldehyde
	Xyleen
Asparagus	Phosphine
Bags	Phosphine
	Formaldehyde
Bags (plastic & printed)	Toluene
	Benzene
Bamboo	Methyl Bromide                 Phosphine
Barley	Phosphine
Baskets (cane)	Carbon Monoxide
	Carbon Dioxide
	Phosphine
	Methyl Bromide
	Chloropicrin
	Formaldehyde
Batteries	Hydrogen (LEL)
	Camphene
	Octanal
	Nonanal
	Urea
	Isoborneol
	2 Propenoic acid
Bedding	Phosphine
	Formaldehyde
Bicycle parts	Benzene
Bikes	Formaldehyde
Blankets	Formaldehyde
Boon (mung)	Phosphine
	Methyl Bromide
Boots	Benzene
Bottles	Phosphine
Boxes (wooden)	α Pinene
	Formaldehyde
Cacao	Phosphine
Cacaobutter	Methyl Bromide
Canned food	Phosphine
	Carbon Monoxide
Carbonate	Phosphine
Carpets	Toluene	Toluene is probably not in the carpets themselves, but in the packaging material, since the carpets are often wrapped in thick plastic.
Carrot seeds	Carbon Monoxide
Cars	Benzene
	Phosphine
	Formaldehyde
Casino tables	1,2 Dichloorethane
Cereals	Carbon Monoxide	Cargo came from Sweden.
Chairs (metal)	Carbon Monoxide
	Formaldehyde
Chairs (wood & metal)	Methyl Bromide	Methyl Bromide because of the wood, formaldehyde because of the glue. If the chairs have a metal frame or bottom, there may also be Trichlorethylene in there as they clean metal with this.
	Trichloorethyleen
	Formaldehyde
	Chloropicrin
Cherries	Phosphine
Chipboard	Formaldehyde
Chive	Phosphine
Christmas items	Benzene
	1,2 Dichloroethane
	Phosphine
Clothing	Formaldehyde
	Benzene
	Toluene
	1,2 Dichloroethane
	Carbon Disulphide
	Phosphine
Coconuts (ground)	Carbon Dioxide
	Carbon Monoxide
Coffee	Phosphine
	Formaldehyde
Coffee beans	Phosphine
	Carbon Monoxide
Dates	Phosphine
	Methyl Bromide
	Chloropicrin
Decoration material	Phosphine
Dog basket (fabric)	Carbon Monoxide
	Formaldehyde
Easter products	Hexane	1,2 dibromoethane is extremely carcinogenic and has a very low detection limit of 0.0003 ppm.
	(iso)Pentane
	Heptane
	1,2 Dibromemethane
Electric motors	Phosphine
Electronics	Benzene
	LEL
Firework	Phosphine
Fitness devices	1,2 Dichloroethane
	Methyl Bromide
Fitted sheets	Toluene
	Formaldehyde
Flour	Phosphine
Flowers	Phosphine
Formic acid	Carbon Monoxide
Fountains	1,2 Dichloroethane
	Methyl Bromide
	Benzene
Fruit (dried)	Methyl Bromide
	Chloropicrin
Furniture	Methyl Bromide
	Formaldehyde
	Phosphine
	Chloropicrin
Garden statues	1,2 Dichloroethane
Gears	Benzene
Glassware	Phosphine
	Formaldehyde
Gloves	Phosphine
	Formaldehyde
Glowsticks	Benzene
	Hexane
Glue stick	Methyl Bromide
Handtrucks	Carbon Monoxide
Hats	Phosphine
Honey (in drums)	Formaldehyde
Household items	Methyl Bromide
	Phosphine
	Hydrogen Cyanide
	Carbon Monoxide
	Carbon Dioxide
	Formaldehyde
	Chloropicrin
Inflatable boats	Carbon Monoxide
	Benzene
Inflatable letters	Formaldehyde
	1,2 Dichloroethane
	Benzene
	Toluene
Ink	Formaldehyde
Irons	Phosphine
Jackets	Phosphine
	Formaldehyde
Lamps	Formaldehyde
Laptop bags	Ammonia
	Benzene
	Toluene
	Carbon Monoxide
	Formaldehyde
Latex	Phosphine
Limestone	Carbon Dioxide
Machine parts	1,2 Dichloroethane
	Methyl Bromide
Mantles	Formaldehyde
Mattresses	Methyl Bromide
	Benzene
	Toluene
	1,2 Dichloroethane
	Methylene Chloride
	Carbon Disulphide
Meat pin (wood)	Carbon Monoxide
Medical equipment	Ethylene Oxide
Medications	Methyl Bromide
	Carbon Sulphide
	Formaldehyde
Mirrors	Formaldehyde
	Phosphine
Monitors (computer)	(Iso)pentane	For computer monitors it is usually (iso)-pentane where the PID, LEL and the tubes react on. When you suspect there is (iso) pentane in the container, you can use the following rejection rule (all 3 should be higher as the given concentration):
	Toluene	- PID 80 or higher
	Styrene	- LEL 5 or higher
	1,2 Dichloroethane	- Reading on pentane tube 800 ppm or higher
	Hexane
	Xylene
	LEL
Moving containers	Methyl Bromide
	Carbon Monoxide
	Phosphine
	Formaldehyde
Musical instruments	Phosphine
Nail polish	Formaldehyde
Nail polish remover	Formaldehyde
Notebooks	Phosphine
Nutrition (general)	Methyl Bromide
	Methyleenchloride
	Carbon Sulphide
	Chloropicrin
	Formaldehyde
	Phosphine
Nuts	Phosphine
	Blauwzuur
	Ammonia
Nuts (Cashew)	Methyl Bromide	On October 2010 there has been 450 (!) ppm phosphine found in a vacuum packed bag!
	Chloropicrin
	Phosphine
Nuts (ground)	Phosphine
Office chairs	Phosphine
Onions	Phosphine
	Formaldehyde
Oregano	Methyl Bromide
	Chloropicrin
Painting pots	Butylacetate
	Vinylacetate
Pallets (wood)	Methyl Bromide
Paper	Formaldehyde
Picture frames	Benzene
	LEL
Pillows	Formaldehyde
	Trichloroethane
Pillows (decorative)	Carbon Monoxide
Pine nuts	Carbon Monoxide	Values of both carbon monoxide and dioxide can sometimes really add up.
	Carbon Dioxide
Planters	Styrene	The planters were packed in styrofoam. The styrene was in the styrofoam.
Plastic (general)	Toluene	Benzene, toluene, xylene, styrene, etc., used as a solvent. Ammonia is used as a degreaser.
	Benzene
	Xyleen
	Styreen
	1,2 Dichloroethane
	Ammonia
Plastic books for children	Toluene
	Benzene
	Formaldehyde
Plastic bottles (Spa, Cola, etc.)	Benzene
	Toluene
Plastic toys	Formaldehyde
	1,2 Dichloroethane
	Benzene
	Toluene
Plums	Phosphine
Poppy seed	Phosphine
Pots (stone)	Toluene
Pottery	Carbon Monoxide
Pullovers	Phosphine
	Formaldehyde
Rabbit Hutches	α Pinene	α-pinene is characterized by a strong pine air.
Raisins	Phosphine
	Hydrogen Cyanide
Refrigerators	Carbon Dioxide
	1,1 Dichloro 1 Fluoroethane
Rice	Carbon Dioxide
	1,1 Dichloro 1 Fluoroethane
Rolls of film	Dichloromethane
Rubber	Phosphine
	Methyl Bromide
	Chloropicrin
Screws	Phosphine
	Formaldehyde
Shampoo	Formaldehyde
Shoes	Toluene
	Benzene
	Formaldehyde
	Ammonia
	Carbon Sulphide
	1,2 Dichloroethane
	Phosphine
	Cyclohexane
Shopping bag	Formaldehyde
Slippers	Methyl Bromide
	Toluene
	Benzene
	Ammonia
	Formaldehyde
Sockets	Benzene
Stamps (for children)	1,2 Dichloroethane	Op 14/11/09 the Ministry has found a load of 1,2 dichloroethane in a freight of children stamps in such huge amount,  that the police in The Netherlands decided to make an official report for importing a toxic gas!
Stone (natural)	Methyl Bromide	The stone are being shipped in wooden crates. Methyl bromide can be in there.
	Hydrogen Sulphide	Hydrogen sulphide is quite rare, but is there sometimes anyway.
	Formaldehyde
	Carbon Dioxide	Through natural processes sometimes there can be insufficient oxygen in the container.
Styrofoam	Styrene
	(Iso)pentane
Suitcases	Phosphine
Sunflower seeds	Phosphine	In a load of sunflower seeds in two containers from Turkey in December 2009, there has been respectively 10 and 2.3 ppm Phosphine encountered, and on March 2010 even 15 ppm Phosphine (took two weeks to get the container gas free)!
Textile	Formaldehyde
	Phosphine
	Toluene
	Chloropicrin
Ties	Ethanol
	Carbon Monoxide
	Ammonia
	Formaldehyde
Toasters	Ammonia
Tobacco	Methyl Bromide
	Phosphine
	Formaldehyde
Toilet seats	Phosphine
Toothpaste	Phosphine
Toy guns	1,2 Dichloroethane
Toys	Benzene
	Methyl Bromide
	Toluene
	1,2 Dichloroethane
	1,2 chloorpropeen
	Formaldehyde
	Phosphine
	Blauwzuur
Transformers	Methyl Bromide Chloropicrin
Trash (Dangerous)	Phosphine
USB Sticks etc.	Benzene
	Toluene
	Formaldehyde
Vacuum cleaners	Phosphine
	Formaldehyde
Wallets	Benzene
	Toluene
	Carbon Monoxide
	Formaldehyde
Water tap	Phosphine
Water pipe	Phosphine
	Formaldehyde
Weir wood	Methyl Bromide
	Phosphine
Whetstones	Methyl Bromide
	Chloropicrin
Wine	Methyl Bromide
	Chloropicrin
Wishing stones	1,2 Dichloroethane
	Methyl Bromide
Wood (unmodified)	Methyl Bromide
	Phosphine
	Hydrogen Cyanide
	Carbon Monoxide
	Carbon Dioxide
	Formaldehyde
	Chloropicrin
Wool	Phosphine
Yeast	Methyl Bromide
	Chloropicrin